Google's internal Spanner system

Google's internal Spanner system is a globally distributed, externally consistent, and highly available database that horizontally scales across continents and provides strong transactional semantics. It combines the scalability of NoSQL systems with the ACID properties of traditional relational…

Key facts

First appeared
2008
Category
technology
Problem solved
Spanner was created to address the immense challenge of maintaining strong transactional consistency (ACID properties) across a globally distributed database while simultaneously achieving high availability and massive horizontal scalability. Prior systems either offered strong consistency locally but struggled to scale globally without significant application-level complexity for consistency management, or provided global scale with only eventual consistency (like many NoSQL databases), which was insufficient for Google's critical services requiring strict data integrity.
Platforms
Google's proprietary internal infrastructure, Google Cloud Platform

Related technologies

Notable users

  • Google (for services like AdWords, Gmail, YouTube, Google Maps, Google Play)
  • Various Google Cloud Platform customers (including financial services, gaming, retail)